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What does the term "racial profiling" refer to?

The practice of targeting individuals for suspicion based on their financial status

The practice of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on their race or ethnic background

The term "racial profiling" specifically refers to the practice of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on their race or ethnic background. This practice raises significant concerns about fairness and discrimination within law enforcement, as it can lead to unequal treatment of individuals based solely on their racial or ethnic identity rather than any specific behavior or evidence of wrongdoing.

Racial profiling can contribute to a breakdown of trust between communities and law enforcement and can perpetuate systemic biases. The implications of such practices extend beyond individual incidents, affecting community relations and public perception of the justice system.

In contrast, targeting individuals based on financial status relates to class profiling rather than racial profiling, while random stops for questioning do not involve any criteria tied to race or ethnicity. Similarly, analyzing crime statistics by neighborhood pertains to crime analysis rather than profiling. Thus, the focus on race or ethnic background makes the second choice the accurate definition of racial profiling.

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The practice of stopping individuals randomly for questioning

The practice of analyzing crime statistics in various neighborhoods

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